Fed Up by Danielle DiMartino Booth (pg. 74)

“The impact on the broader economy and financial markets of the problems in the subprime market seems likely to be contained,” Bernanke calmly assured congress. “In particular, mortgages to prime borrowers and fixed-rate mortgages to all classes of borrowers continue to perform well, with low rates of delinquency.”

Fed Up by Danielle DiMartino Booth (pg. 64)

But the day after, October 20, 1987, marked a more significant point in Wall Street history. The FOMC slashed the fed funds rate by half a percentage point to just under 7 percent.

Then the mother of all storks delivered the “Greenspan Put” with the release of this one-sentence: “The Federal Reserve, consistent with its responsibilities as the Nation’s central bank, affirmed today its readiness to serve as a source of liquidity to support the economic and financial system.”

As Pavlov was to dogs, the Fed was to market players. They would come to understand and embrace the commitment Greenspan had made by putting a floor under losses. Investors could pile into risk, confident the market now offered a built-in “put” option. (A put is a contract that allows the owner to profit if the price of an underlying security declines.